path: root/src/kernel/task.c

/**
 * @file task.c
 * Provides multitasking functionality
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2018 Clyne Sullivan
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include "clock.h"
#include "elf.h"
#include "heap.h"
#include "task.h"
#include <arch/stm/stm32l476xx.h>

#define YIELD { SCB->ICSR |= SCB_ICSR_PENDSVSET_Msk; }

static task_t *task_current;
static task_t *task_queue;
static uint8_t task_disable = 0;
static pid_t task_next_pid = 0;

void task_svc(uint32_t n, uint32_t *ret, uint32_t *args)
{
	switch (n) {
	case 0:
		task_exit(args[0]);
		break;
	case 1:
		*((int *)ret) = task_fork();
		break;
	case 2:
		*((int *)ret) = task_getpid();
		break;
	case 3:
		*((int *)ret) = task_waitpid(args[0], (int *)args[1],
			args[2]);
		break;
	case 4:
		*((void **)ret) = task_sbrk(args[0]);
		break;
	case 5:
		*((uint32_t *)ret) = elf_execve((const char *)args[0],
			(char * const *)args[1], (char * const *)args[2]);
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

void *task_sbrk(uint32_t bytes)
{
	return malloc(bytes);

	/*if (task_current->heap == 0)
		task_current->heap = malloc(1024 * 16);

	if (bytes == 0) {
		alloc_t *alloc = (alloc_t *)((uint8_t *)task_current->heap -
			sizeof(alloc_t));
		return (uint8_t *)(((uint32_t)task_current->heap + alloc->size)
			& ~0xFFF);
	}

	return (void *)-1;*/
}

void task_hold(uint8_t hold)
{
	if (hold != 0)
		task_disable++;
	else if (task_disable > 0)
		task_disable--;
}

void task_sleep(uint32_t ms)
{
	task_current->status.state = TASK_SLEEPING;
	task_current->status.value = clock_millis() + ms;
	YIELD;
}

pid_t task_getpid(void)
{
	return task_current != 0 ? task_current->pid : 0;
}

pid_t task_waitpid(pid_t pid, int *wstatus, int options)
{
	(void)options;
	*wstatus = 0;

	// Find the process
	task_t *task = task_queue;
	while (task != 0 && task->pid != pid)
		task = task->next;

	if (task == 0)
		return (pid_t)-1;

	// Check process's state
	if (task->status.state == TASK_EXITED) {
		*wstatus = task->status.value | (1 << 8);
		task->status.state = TASK_ZOMBIE;
	}

	return pid;
}

/*vfs_node *task_getcwd(void)
{
	return task_current->cwd;
}*/

void task_exit(int code)
{
	task_current->status.state = TASK_EXITED;
	task_current->status.value = code & 0xFF;

	YIELD;
}

void task_purge(void)
{
	// Remove task from the chain
	if (task_queue == task_current) {
		task_queue = task_queue->next;
	} else {
		task_t *prev = task_queue;
		while (prev->next != 0 && prev->next != task_current)
			prev = prev->next;

		if (prev->next != 0)
			prev->next = task_current->next;
	}

	// Free this thread's stack, and task data.
	// Since we're single core, no one else can claim this memory until
	// a task switch, after which we're done with this memory anyway.
	free(task_current->stack);
	free(task_current->heap);
	free(task_current);

	YIELD;
	while (1);
}

/**
 * Exits the task (userspace call).
 */
__attribute__ ((naked))
void task_doexit(void)
{
	asm("eor r0, r0; eor r1, r1; svc 0");
	while (1);
}

/**
 * 'Prepares' task for running.
 * Calls the task's main code, setting task_doexit() (_exit) as the return point.
 */
__attribute__ ((naked))
void task_crt0(void)
{
	asm("\
		mov r4, lr; \
		ldr lr, =task_doexit; \
		bx r4; \
	");
}

task_t *task_create(void (*code)(void), uint16_t stackSize)
{
	task_t *t = (task_t *)malloc(sizeof(task_t));
	t->next = 0;
	t->pid = task_next_pid++;
	t->pgid = t->pid;
	t->status.state = TASK_RUNNING;
	t->status.value = 0;

	t->heap = 0;
	t->stack = (uint32_t *)malloc(stackSize);
	void *sp = (uint8_t *)t->stack + stackSize - 68; // excep. stack + regs
	t->sp = sp;

	/*
		sp[0-7]  - r4-r11
		sp[8]    - r14 (lr)
		sp[9-12] - r0-r3
		sp[13]   - r12
		sp[14]   - LR
		sp[15]   - PC
		sp[16]   - xPSR
	*/

	for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 14; i++)
		t->sp[i] = 0;
	t->sp[8] = 0xFFFFFFFD;
	t->sp[14] = (uint32_t)code;
	t->sp[15] = (uint32_t)task_crt0;
	t->sp[16] = 0x01000000;
	return t;
}

void task_init(void (*init)(void), uint16_t stackSize)
{
	task_current = (task_t *)malloc(sizeof(task_t));
	task_current->next = 0;
	task_current->stack = 0; // free() is called on this
	task_current->sp = 0;
	task_current->status.state = TASK_SLEEPING;
	task_current->status.value = 1000;

	task_queue = task_create(init, stackSize);

	task_disable = 0;

	// bit 0 - priv, bit 1 - psp/msp
	asm("\
		isb; \
		cpsie i; \
		mov r0, sp; \
		msr psp, r0; \
		mrs r0, control; \
		orr r0, r0, #3; \
		msr control, r0; \
	");

	// exit the current (fake) task
	task_doexit();
}

void task_start(void (*task)(void), uint16_t stackSize)
{
	task_hold(1);
	task_t *t = task_create(task, stackSize);
	t->next = task_queue;
	task_queue = t;
	task_hold(0);
}

int task_fork_ret(void)
{
	return 0;
}

// Return 0 for child, non-zero for parent
int task_fork(void)
{
	asm("cpsid i");

	uint32_t sp;
	asm("\
		mrs r0, psp; \
		stmdb r0!, {r4-r11, r14}; \
		mov %0, r0; \
	" : "=r" (sp));

	//// 1. Prepare child task
	// Get parent task's stack info
	alloc_t *stackInfo = (alloc_t *)(((uint8_t *)task_current->stack)
		- sizeof(alloc_t));

	// Create child task data
	task_t *childTask = (task_t *)malloc(sizeof(task_t));
	childTask->stack = (uint32_t *)malloc(stackInfo->size - sizeof(alloc_t));
	childTask->pid = task_next_pid++;
	childTask->pgid = task_current->pid;
	childTask->status.state = TASK_RUNNING;
	childTask->status.value = 0;

	// Copy parent's stack
	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < (stackInfo->size - sizeof(alloc_t)); i++)
		childTask->stack[i] = task_current->stack[i];

	childTask->sp = (uint32_t *)((uint32_t)childTask->stack + (sp
		- (uint32_t)task_current->stack));
	childTask->sp[8] = 0xFFFFFFFD;
	childTask->sp[15] = (uint32_t)task_fork_ret;
	//childTask->sp[16] = 0x01000000;

	//// 2. Insert child into task chain
	childTask->next = task_queue;
	task_queue = childTask;

	//// 3. Re-enable scheduler, make change happen
	asm("cpsie i");

	YIELD;
	return childTask->pid;
}

__attribute__ ((naked))
void PendSV_Handler(void) 
{
	if (task_disable != 0)
		asm("bx lr");

	// TODO get back to c, implement task sleeping

	// Save current stack pointer
	asm("\
		mrs r0, psp; \
		isb; \
		stmdb r0!, {r4-r11, r14}; \
		mov %0, r0; \
	" : "=r" (task_current->sp));

	// Load next task
	uint32_t ticks = clock_millis();
	do {
		task_current = task_current->next;
		if (task_current == 0)
			task_current = task_queue;

		if (task_current->status.state == TASK_SLEEPING &&
			task_current->status.value < ticks)
			task_current->status.state = TASK_RUNNING;
	} while (task_current->status.state != TASK_RUNNING);

	task_current->status.state = TASK_RUNNING;
	task_current->status.value = 0;

	// Load stack pointer, return
	asm("\
		mov r0, %0; \
		ldmia r0!, {r4-r11, r14}; \
		msr psp, r0; \
		bx lr; \
	" :: "r" (task_current->sp));
}