fundamental compiling words

alee.cpp

@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     State state (dict, readchar);
     Parser parser;
 
+    dict.write(Dictionary::Base, 10);
+    dict.write(Dictionary::Compiling, 0);
+    dict.write(Dictionary::Postpone, 0);
+
     std::vector args (argv + 1, argv + argc);
     for (const auto& a : args) {
         std::ifstream file (a);

core.fth

@@ -10,6 +10,22 @@
 : cell+    2 + ;
 : cells    2 * ;
 
+: over     1 pick ;
+: -rot     rot rot ;
+: nip      swap drop ;
+: tuck     swap over ;
+
+: base     0 ;
+: state    2 ;
+: decimal  1 1+ base ! 1010 base ! ;
+
+: postpone 1 4 ! ; imm
+: [']      ' postpone literal ; imm
+
+: if       ['] _jmp0 , here 0 , ; imm
+: then     here swap ! ; imm
+: else     ['] _jmp , here 0 , here rot ! ; imm
+
 : c!       1 _! ;
 : c@       1 _@ ;
 : c,       here c! 1 allot ;
@@ -19,17 +35,9 @@
 : align   here 1 & if 1 allot then ;
 : aligned dup 1 & if 1+ then ;
 
-( set decimal numbers )
-10 0 !
-
 : .        0 sys ;
 : emit     1 sys ;
 
-: over    1 pick ;
-: -rot    rot rot ;
-: nip     swap drop ;
-: tuck    swap over ;
-
 : +!       swap over @ + swap ! ;
 
 : and      & ;
@@ -52,17 +60,13 @@
 
 : 0=       0 = ;
 : 0<       0 < ;
-: <=      2dup - 1- 0< ;
+: <=       - 1- 0< ;
 : >        <= 0= ;
 
 : cr       9 emit ;
 : bl       32 ;
 : space    bl emit ;
 
-: state   1 ;
-: base    0 ;
-: decimal 1 2* base ! 1010 base ! ;
-
 : ?dup     dup if dup then ;
 
 : negate   -1 * ;
@@ -70,3 +74,6 @@
 : min      2dup <= if drop else nip then ;
 : max      2dup <= if nip else drop then ;
 
+
+: begin    here ; imm
+: do       postpone >r postpone >r here ; imm

corewords.cpp

@@ -20,44 +20,19 @@
 
 Func CoreWords::get(int index)
 {
-    switch (index) {
-    case 0: return op_drop;
-    case 1: return op_dup;
-    case 2: return op_swap;
-    case 3: return op_pick;
-    case 4: return op_sys;
-    case 5: return op_add;
-    case 6: return op_sub;
-    case 7: return op_mul;
-    case 8: return op_div;
-    case 9: return op_mod;
-    case 10: return op_peek;
-    case 11: return op_poke;
-    case 12: return op_rot;
-    case 13: return op_pushr;
-    case 14: return op_popr;
-    case 15: return op_eq;
-    case 16: return op_lt;
-    case 17: return op_allot;
-    case 18: return op_and;
-    case 19: return op_or;
-    case 20: return op_xor;
-    case 21: return op_shl;
-    case 22: return op_shr;
-    case 23: return op_comment;
-    case 24: return op_colon;
-    case 25: return op_semic; // :267
-    case 26: return op_here;
-    case 27: return op_imm;
-    case 28: return op_const;
-    case 29: return op_if;
-    case 30: return op_then;
-    case 31: return op_else;
-    case 32: return op_depth;
-    case 33: return op_literal;
-    case 34: return op_jump;
-    default: return nullptr;
-    }
+    static const Func ops[WordCount] = {
+        op_drop,  op_dup,  op_swap,    op_pick,    op_sys,
+        op_add,   op_sub,  op_mul,     op_div,     op_mod,
+        op_peek,  op_poke, op_rot,     op_pushr,   op_popr,
+        op_eq,    op_lt,   op_allot,   op_and,     op_or,
+        op_xor,   op_shl,  op_shr,     op_comment, op_colon,
+        op_semic, op_here, op_imm,     op_const,   op_depth,
+        op_key,   op_exit, op_tick,    op_execute, op_jmp,
+        op_jmp0,  op_lit,  op_literal,
+        op_jump
+    };
+
+    return index >= 0 && index < WordCount ? ops[index] : nullptr;
 }
 
 void CoreWords::op_drop(State& state)
@@ -197,13 +172,37 @@ void CoreWords::op_colon(State& state) {
         state.pushr(state.dict.alignhere());
         state.dict.addDefinition(word);
     }
+}
 
+void CoreWords::op_tick(State& state) {
+    Word word = state.dict.input();
+    while (word.size() == 0) {
+        state.input(state);
+        word = state.dict.input();
     }
 
-void CoreWords::op_semic(State& state) {
-    if (!state.compiling()) {
+    Cell xt = 0;
+    if (auto i = CoreWords::findi(state, word); i >= 0) {
+        xt = i & ~CoreWords::Compiletime;
+    } else if (auto j = state.dict.find(word); j > 0) {
+        xt = state.dict.getexec(j) - sizeof(Cell);
+    }
+
+    state.push(xt);
+}
+
+void CoreWords::op_execute(State& state) {
+    state.execute(state.pop());
+}
+
+void CoreWords::op_exit(State& state) {
     state.ip = state.popr();
-    } else {
+}
+
+void CoreWords::op_semic(State& state) {
+    if (state.compiling()) {
+        state.dict.add(findi("exit"));
+
         auto begin = state.popr();
 
         state.dict.write(begin,
@@ -213,7 +212,6 @@ void CoreWords::op_semic(State& state) {
         state.dict.latest = begin;
         state.compiling(false);
     }
-
 }
 
 void CoreWords::op_here(State& state) {
@@ -228,7 +226,6 @@ void CoreWords::op_imm(State& state)
 
 void CoreWords::op_const(State& state)
 {
-    if (state.compiling()) {
     Word word = state.dict.input();
     while (word.size() == 0) {
         state.input(state);
@@ -237,62 +234,42 @@ void CoreWords::op_const(State& state)
 
     state.pushr(state.dict.alignhere());
     state.dict.addDefinition(word);
-        state.dict.add(CoreWords::HiddenWordLiteral);
+    state.dict.add(findi("_lit"));
     state.dict.add(state.pop());
-        state.dict.add(25 | CoreImmediate);
     op_semic(state);
-        state.compiling(false);
 }
 
-}
-
-void CoreWords::op_literal(State& state)
+void CoreWords::op_lit(State& state)
 {
     state.push(state.beyondip());
     state.ip += sizeof(Cell);
 }
 
-void CoreWords::op_jump(State& state)
-{
-    state.pushr(state.ip + sizeof(Cell));
-    state.ip = state.beyondip() - sizeof(Cell);
-}
-
-void CoreWords::op_if(State& state)
+void CoreWords::op_literal(State& state)
 {
     if (state.compiling()) {
-        state.push(state.dict.here);
-        state.dict.add(0);
-    } else {
-        if (state.pop())
-            state.ip += sizeof(Cell);
-        else
-            state.ip = state.beyondip() - sizeof(Cell);
+        state.dict.add(findi("_lit"));
+        state.dict.add(state.pop());
     }
-
 }
 
-void CoreWords::op_then(State& state)
+void CoreWords::op_jump(State& state)
 {
-    if (state.compiling()) {
-        const auto ifaddr = state.pop();
-        if (state.dict.read(ifaddr) == 0)
-            state.dict.write(ifaddr, state.dict.here);
-    }
-
+    state.pushr(state.ip + sizeof(Cell));
+    state.ip = state.beyondip() - sizeof(Cell);
 }
 
-void CoreWords::op_else(State& state)
+void CoreWords::op_jmp(State& state)
 {
-    if (state.compiling()) {
-        const auto ifaddr = state.pop();
-        state.push(state.dict.here);
-        state.dict.add(0);
-        state.dict.write(ifaddr, state.dict.here);
-    } else {
     state.ip = state.beyondip() - sizeof(Cell);
 }
 
+void CoreWords::op_jmp0(State& state)
+{
+    if (state.pop())
+        state.ip += sizeof(Cell);
+    else
+        op_jmp(state);
 }
 
 void CoreWords::op_depth(State& state)
@@ -314,6 +291,26 @@ void CoreWords::op_key(State& state)
     state.push(val);
 }
 
+int CoreWords::findi(std::string_view word)
+{
+    std::size_t i;
+    int wordsi = 0;
+
+    std::string_view words (wordsarr, sizeof(wordsarr));
+
+    for (i = 0; i < words.size();) {
+        const auto end = words.find_first_of({"\0\1", 2}, i);
+
+        if (word == words.substr(i, end - i))
+            return words[end] == '\0' ? wordsi : (wordsi | Compiletime);
+
+        ++wordsi;
+        i = end + 1;
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
 int CoreWords::findi(State& state, Word word)
 {
     std::size_t i;
@@ -325,7 +322,7 @@ int CoreWords::findi(State& state, Word word)
         const auto end = words.find_first_of({"\0\1", 2}, i);
 
         if (state.dict.equal(word, words.substr(i, end - i)))
-            return words[end] == '\0' ? wordsi : (wordsi | CoreImmediate);
+            return words[end] == '\0' ? wordsi : (wordsi | Compiletime);
 
         ++wordsi;
         i = end + 1;
@@ -337,12 +334,12 @@ int CoreWords::findi(State& state, Word word)
 Func CoreWords::find(State& state, Word word)
 {
     const auto i = findi(state, word);
-    return i >= 0 ? get(i & ~CoreWords::CoreImmediate) : nullptr;
+    return i >= 0 ? get(i & ~Compiletime) : nullptr;
 }
 
 void CoreWords::run(int i, State& state)
 {
-    i &= ~CoreWords::CoreImmediate;
+    i &= ~Compiletime;
 
     if (i >= 0 && i < WordCount)
         get(i)(state);

corewords.hpp

@@ -22,32 +22,37 @@
 #include "types.hpp"
 #include "state.hpp"
 
+#include <string_view>
+
 void user_sys(State&);
 
 class CoreWords
 {
 public:
-    constexpr static std::size_t VisibleWordCount = 33;             // size
-    constexpr static auto HiddenWordLiteral = VisibleWordCount;     // index
-    constexpr static auto HiddenWordJump    = VisibleWordCount + 1; // index
-    constexpr static auto WordCount         = HiddenWordJump + 1;   // size
+    constexpr static std::size_t VisibleWordCount = 38;             // size
+    constexpr static auto HiddenWordJump    = VisibleWordCount;     // index
+    constexpr static auto WordCount         = VisibleWordCount + 1; // size
 
     constexpr static Cell Immediate   = (1 << 5);
-    constexpr static Cell CoreImmediate = (1 << 6);
+    constexpr static Cell Compiletime = (1 << 6);
 
+    static int findi(std::string_view);
     static int findi(State&, Word);
     static Func find(State&, Word);
     static void run(int, State&);
 
 private:
+    // Ends with '\0': regular word
+    // Ends with '\1': compile-only word
     constexpr static char wordsarr[] =
         "drop\0dup\0swap\0pick\0sys\0"
         "+\0-\0*\0/\0%\0"
         "_@\0_!\0rot\0>r\0r>\0"
         "=\0<\0allot\0&\0|\0"
         "^\0<<\0>>\0(\0:\1"
-        ";\1here\0imm\0const\0"
-        "if\1then\1else\1depth\0";
+        ";\1here\0imm\0const\0depth\0"
+        "key\0exit\0'\0execute\0_jmp\0"
+        "_jmp0\0_lit\0literal\1";
 
     static Func get(int);
 
@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@ private:
     static void op_mod(State&);
     static void op_peek(State&);
     static void op_poke(State&);
-    static void op_rot(State&);
+    static void op_rot(State&);   // : rot >r swap r> swap ;
     static void op_pushr(State&);
     static void op_popr(State&);
     static void op_eq(State&);
@@ -80,14 +85,16 @@ private:
     static void op_here(State&);
     static void op_imm(State&);
     static void op_const(State&);
-    static void op_literal(State&);
+    static void op_lit(State&);
     static void op_jump(State&);
-    static void op_if(State&);
-    static void op_then(State&);
-    static void op_else(State&);
     static void op_depth(State&);
     static void op_key(State&);
-    static void op_word(State&);
+    static void op_exit(State&);
+    static void op_tick(State&);
+    static void op_execute(State&);
+    static void op_jmp(State&);
+    static void op_jmp0(State&);
+    static void op_literal(State&); // : literal ['] _lit , , ; imm
 };
 
 #endif // ALEEFORTH_COREWORDS_HPP

dictionary.hpp

@@ -29,10 +29,11 @@ class Dictionary
 {
 public:
     constexpr static Addr Base       = 0;
-    constexpr static Addr Compiling  = Base + sizeof(Cell);
-    constexpr static Addr Input      = Compiling + sizeof(Cell); // len data...
+    constexpr static Addr Compiling  = sizeof(Cell);
+    constexpr static Addr Postpone   = sizeof(Cell) * 2;
+    constexpr static Addr Input      = sizeof(Cell) * 3; // len data...
     constexpr static Addr InputCells = 80; // bytes!
-    constexpr static Addr Begin      = Input + sizeof(Cell) + InputCells;
+    constexpr static Addr Begin      = sizeof(Cell) * 4 + InputCells;
 
     Addr here = Begin;
     Addr latest = Begin;

parser.cpp

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 #include <cctype>
 #include <cstdlib>
 
+#include <iostream>
+
 ParseStatus Parser::parse(State& state, std::string_view& str)
 {
     auto addr = Dictionary::Input;
@@ -50,25 +52,42 @@ ParseStatus Parser::parseSource(State& state)
 
 ParseStatus Parser::parseWord(State& state, Word word)
 {
+    // TODO unify core-word and defined-word parsing/execution.
+
     if (auto i = CoreWords::findi(state, word); i >= 0) {
-        if (state.compiling())
-            state.dict.add(i & ~CoreWords::CoreImmediate);
-        else if (state.dict.equal(word, ":"))
+        auto p = state.dict.read(Dictionary::Postpone);
+        auto imm = (i & CoreWords::Compiletime);
+
+        if (state.compiling() || p) {
+            if (p || !imm) {
+                state.dict.add(i & ~CoreWords::Compiletime);
+
+                if (p)
+                    state.dict.write(Dictionary::Postpone, 0);
+            } else if (imm) {
+                CoreWords::run(i & ~CoreWords::Compiletime, state);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (state.dict.equal(word, ":"))
                 state.compiling(true);
 
-        if (!state.compiling() || (i & CoreWords::CoreImmediate))
-            CoreWords::run(i & ~CoreWords::CoreImmediate, state);
+            CoreWords::run(i & ~CoreWords::Compiletime, state);
+        }
     } else if (auto j = state.dict.find(word); j > 0) {
         auto e = state.dict.getexec(j);
+        auto p = state.dict.read(Dictionary::Postpone);
 
-        if (state.compiling()) {
-            if (state.dict.read(j) & CoreWords::Immediate) {
-                state.compiling(false);
-                state.execute(e);
-                state.compiling(true);
-            } else {
+        if (state.compiling() || p) {
+            auto imm = state.dict.read(j) & CoreWords::Immediate;
+
+            if (p || !imm) {
                 state.dict.add(CoreWords::HiddenWordJump);
                 state.dict.add(e);
+
+                if (p)
+                    state.dict.write(Dictionary::Postpone, 0);
+            } else if (imm) {
+                state.execute(e);
             }
         } else {
             state.execute(e);
@@ -85,12 +104,13 @@ ParseStatus Parser::parseWord(State& state, Word word)
 
         if (std::distance(buf, p) == word.size()) {
             if (state.compiling()) {
-                state.dict.add(CoreWords::HiddenWordLiteral);
+                state.dict.add(CoreWords::findi("_lit"));
                 state.dict.add(l);
             } else {
                 state.push(l);
             }
         } else {
+            std::cout << "word not found: " << buf << std::endl;
             return ParseStatus::NotAWord;
         }
     }

state.cpp

@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ void State::compiling(bool yes)
 
 void State::execute(Addr addr)
 {
+    if (addr < Dictionary::Begin) {
+        // Must be a core-word
+        CoreWords::run(addr, *this);
+    } else {
         pushr(0);
         ip = addr - sizeof(Cell);
 
@@ -48,6 +52,7 @@ void State::execute(Addr addr)
             CoreWords::run(dict.read(ip), *this);
         } while (ip);
     }
+}
 
 Cell State::beyondip() const
 {